如何测试您的个人电脑是否存在硬件故障：提示和工具

Zofunika Kwambiri

• Zolephera zodziwika bwino za PC hardware ndi ma GPU, ma hard drive/SSDs, RAM, PSUs, mafani, ndi ma CPU.
• Zomangidwa mkati Windows 10/11 zida zowunikira zikuphatikiza Performance Monitor ndi Windows Memory Diagnostic.
• Mapulogalamu odziwira matenda a chipani chachitatu monga MemTest86+, CrystalDiskInfo, ndi HWiNFO amapereka njira zowonjezera zoyesera za hardware.

Ngati munatsegula kompyuta yanu, mukudziwa kuti pali zida zambiri mmenemo, ndipo zonsezi ndizovuta. Zida zina za hardware zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa zina, koma palibe chomwe chimakhala kwamuyaya.

Palibe amene amafuna kuti zida zawo zodula zife, ndipo poyesa zida zamakompyuta, mutha kuyang’ana makina anu ndikuwona zida zomwe zikulephera zonse zisanachitike.

Kodi Chingachitike Bwanji ndi PC Hardware?

Zida zomwe zimatulutsa kutentha kapena zosuntha zimatha kulephera nthawi zambiri. Zigawo zamakompyuta zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasweka ndi:

• GPUs
• Ma hard drive / SSD
• Ram
• PSUs
• Mafani
• CPUs

Kodi mwawona kuti ma CPU ali pansi pamndandandawu? Ma CPU amatha kufa, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo lomaliza la PC kutero, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi vuto lina, monga mavuto amagetsi, kutentha kwambiri, kapena zina. Pazigawo zonse za PC yanu, CPU ndiye gawo lomwe lingakhale ndi vuto, makamaka ngati muyiyika ndikuyisiya yokha (nthawi zina matenthedwe amaphatikizanso pambali).

Koma ziribe kanthu za Hardware, njira yabwino yopewera kugwidwa ndikuyesa mayeso anthawi zonse a hardware pakompyuta yanu, ndipo pali njira zambiri zoyendetsera mayeso a hardware Windows 10 ndi 11.

Windows 10 ndi 11 Hardware Diagnostic Tools

Windows 10 ndi 11 ali ndi zida ziwiri zowunikira zida za PC.

1. Performance Monitor
2. Windows Memory Diagnostic

Yoyamba imasanthula magwiridwe antchito pakompyuta yanu, ndipo yachiwiri imayesa kuyesa kukumbukira pa Windows PC yanu.

Performance Monitor

Performance Monitor ndi mbadwa Windows 10/11 pulogalamu yowunikira ma hardware. Ndi Windows ‘chida chokwanira kwambiri chopezera ndikuzindikira zovuta za hardware ndi dongosolo.

1. Tsegulani menyu Yoyambira, fufuzani ntchito yowunikandi kusankha Machesi Abwino Kwambiri.
2. Kuti muwone mwachidule za hardware yanu, gwiritsani ntchito gulu lakumanzere kuti mupiteko Malipoti> System> Diagnostics System> [Computer Name]. Mutha kudikirira masekondi angapo pomwe pulogalamuyo ikusonkhanitsa deta. Imapereka macheke angapo a hardware yanu, mapulogalamu, CPU, network, disk, ndi kukumbukira, komanso mndandanda wautali wa ziwerengero zatsatanetsatane.
3. Ngati palibe deta, pitani ku Zosonkhanitsa Data Sets> Systemkenako dinani kawiri System Diagnostics kuti mugwiritse ntchito Windows diagnostic scan. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi masekondi 60 kuti ithe. Mukamaliza, bwererani ku Malipoti> System> Diagnostics System> [Computer Name] ndikuwona zotsatira zanu.

Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito Windows Performance Monitor, koma ngati mukufuna zambiri, mupeza ma graph ochita pompopompo. Zida Zoyang’anira > Zowunikira Zochita ndi ma data makonda omwe amalowa Ma Seti Osonkhanitsa Data > Kutanthauzira kwa Wogwiritsa.

Windows Memory Diagnostic

Chipangizo chapakati cha makompyuta (CPU) chimagwiritsa ntchito RAM kusunga zambiri zazifupi. Chilichonse chomwe chili mu RAM chimatayika mukathimitsa makina anu.

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zochenjeza pamene RAM yanu yatsala pang’ono kulephera. Zimaphatikizapo kuchulukirachulukira kwa magwiridwe antchito, kuwonongeka pafupipafupi, makhadi amakanema omwe amalephera kutsitsa pa boot, mafayilo owonongeka a data, ndi chidziwitso cholakwika cha RAM mu pulogalamu ya Windows System.

Ngati mukuganiza momwe mungayesere kuyesa kukumbukira pa RAM, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha Windows Memory Diagnostic. Zimagwira ntchito polembera, kenako kuwerenga, RAM ya kompyuta yanu. Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana amawonetsa kuti hardware ndi zolakwika.

Kukhazikitsa chida:

1. Press Windows + R kutsegula Thamangani dialog, ndiye lembani mdsched.exe ndi kugunda Lowani.
2. Windows idzakulimbikitsani kuti muyambitsenso kompyuta yanu, ndipo kuyesako kudzatenga mphindi zingapo kuti amalize.
3. Mukamaliza, makina anu adzayambiranso. Mudzawona zotsatira pazenera mukangobwerera ku Windows desktop.

Ngati Windows simangowonetsa zotsatira zake, dinani Win + X kuti mutsegule Power Menyu, kenako sankhani Chowonera Zochitika. Kenako, pitani ku Windows Logs> System ndikupeza fayilo yaposachedwa kwambiri yotchedwa MemoryDiagnostic.

Mapulogalamu Ofufuza Za Hardware a Gulu Lachitatu

Ngati mukuyang’ana china chake kapena champhamvu pang’ono, muyenera kutembenukira ku mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu.

Pali zida zambiri zowunikira Windows, koma mutha kudziwa zambiri za Windows ndi mapulogalamu a X awa.

1. MemTest86+

MemTest86+ yakhazikitsidwa bwino ngati chida chabwino kwambiri choyesera RAM yanu pa Windows. Ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa chida cha Microsoft Windows Memory Diagnostic ndipo ndi yaulere komanso yotseguka. Kuphatikiza apo, mosiyana ndi chida cha Windows, MemTest86+ ilinso ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi.

Memtest86+ imagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zoyesera RAM ndipo imathandizira DDR5, DDR4, DDR3, ndi DDR2 RAM. Mumayiyambitsa mwachindunji kuchokera pa USB flash drive kapena CD, ndipo Microsoft yasaina kachidindo ka pulogalamuyo kuti igwirizane ndi Boot Yotetezedwa.

2. CrystalDiskInfo

Ngati mukufuna kuyang’ana kwambiri kuyesa ma hard drive anu, muyenera kukhazikitsa CrystalDiskInfo.

Chofunikira kwambiri pa pulogalamuyi ndi kuyesa kwa “Kudziyang’anira, Kusanthula, ndi Ukatswiri Wofotokozera” (SMART). Imakupatsirani zambiri pazambiri zamagalimoto anu, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa zolakwika zomwe mumawerenga, kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe adatumizidwanso, nthawi yozungulira, ndi zina zambiri.

CrystalDiskInfo imaphatikizanso zida zotsogola zamphamvu ndi zomvera zama hard drive ndi SSD. Muthanso kukonza CrystalDiskInfo kuti ipereke zidziwitso zamoyo ngati ma drive akutentha kwambiri kapena akuvutika ndi zolephera zina. Muyenera kusunga CrystalDiskInfo ikuyenda cham’mbuyo kuti mulandire zidziwitso za kutentha, koma sizovuta chifukwa zimafunikira mphamvu zochepa kwambiri kapena kukumbukira kwamakina.

3. HWiNFO

HWiNFO ili patsogolo pa paketi yoyesera ya hardware ponena za kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe chaperekedwa. Koma mukangoyamba kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwake kwazinthu zambiri, mudzasangalala kuti ndi imodzi mwamapulogalamu abwino kwambiri oyesera matenda apakompyuta kunja uko.

Kuchokera pamayeso a Hardware, timachita chidwi kwambiri ndi momwe pulogalamuyo imawunikira zaumoyo. Amapereka malipoti atsatanetsatane anthawi yeniyeni ndi ma graph okhudza ma CPU, ma GPU, ma mainboard, ma drive, ndi zotumphukira zamakina anu. Dinani kawiri gawo lililonse lakumanzere kuti mutsegule zenera latsopano lodzaza ndi data yokhudzana ndi hardwareyo.

Mutha kutsitsanso gulu lazowonjezera zomwe zimapereka HWiNFO ndi magwiridwe antchito owonjezera. Zimaphatikizapo zowonera pazenera, ma widget, ndi owonera logi.

Yang’anani Thanzi La Battery Pakompyuta Yanu

Chigawo china cha hardware cha laputopu chomwe chimakonda kulephera ndi batri.

Talemba za zida zingapo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuyesa thanzi la batire la laputopu yanu, koma njira yabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito Windows ndi chida chomangidwira, mphamvucfg. Lamulo lamphamvu limapanga lipoti lolondola la momwe batire yanu ilili komanso mbiri yakale, kukuwonetsani kuchuluka kwake ndi zina zambiri.

1. Tsegulani Start Menu, lowetsani CMDdinani kumanja kwa Best Match, ndikusankha Thamangani ngati Woyang’anira.
   • Kapenanso, Windows 11 ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kukanikiza Win + X kuti mutsegule Power Menyu ndikusankha Pokwerera (Admin).
2. Tsopano, lowetsani powercfg /batteryreport ndikudina Enter. Imasunga lipoti la batri mumtundu wa HTML ku C: Windowssystem32battery-report.html.
3. Sakatulani komwe kuli fayilo ndikutsegula. Lipoti la batri lidzatsegulidwa mu msakatuli wanu.

Gawo loyamba la lipoti la batri limafotokoza za hardware yanu, momwe batire iliri pano, kuchuluka kwake, komanso kuchuluka kwapano, zomwe ndi chidziwitso chachikulu. Mukatsikira pansi, mupeza zambiri zamakhalidwe olipira, nthawi, ndi zina zambiri.

Dziwani Windows Hardware Ndi PartedMagic kapena The Ultimate Boot CD

Njira ina yodziwira zida zolakwika pa Windows ndi Linux Live CD kapena USB. Pali ma disks angapo opulumutsira ndi kuchira a Windows, koma ma distros awiri othandiza pofufuza zolakwika za Windows hardware ndi PartedMagic ndi Ultimate Boot CD.

PartedMagic ndi chida cholipiridwa koma ili ndi zida zingapo zothandiza zowonera ndikuwunika zida zanu, osatchulanso zida zake zogawa, kutseka, kupulumutsa, ndi kufufuta, pomwe Ultimate Boot CD ndi yaulere kwathunthu ndipo ilinso ndi zida zambiri zowunikira zida za Windows, kuyesa. ndi zosankha za analytics, kuphatikiza kukonza zinthu zomwe wamba. Monga Ultimate Boot CD version 5, disk yopulumutsa imaphatikizapo mtundu wa PartedMagic (yogawanitsa ndi kuyang’anira ma hard drive), kotero ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri kuti mupitirize.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito PartedMagic kapena Ultimate Boot CD, mufunika ISO kuti mugwiritse ntchito chida cha USB. Ndikupangira Rufus, chifukwa ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikusamalira kasinthidwe kanu ka ISO ndi USB flash drive.

1. Choyamba, download PartedMagic; zimafunika 15 dollar chindapusa chimodzi. Kapenanso, tsitsani Ultimate Boot CD, yomwe ndi yaulere.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito chida cha USB cha ISO-to-bootable ngati Rufus kuwotcha PartedMagic ISO kapena Ultimate Boot CD ku USB flash drive.
3. Zimitsani kompyuta yomwe mukufuna kuizindikira. Ikani PartedMagic kapena Ultimate Boot CD USB flash drive (kapena CD).
4. Tsopano, inu muyenera kusintha jombo dongosolo kusankha PartedMagic kapena Ultimate jombo CD pagalimoto. Makina ambiri a Windows amatha kusintha dongosolo la boot mwa kukanikiza ESC kapena F8 panthawi yoyambira, koma makina anu amatha kukhala ndi kiyi yeniyeni. Komabe, ngati Windows yoyambitsa mwachangu yayatsidwa, mungafunike kuzimitsa izi kuti ntchitoyi igwire ntchito.
5. Mukangotsegulidwa, mutha kuyambitsa zovuta ndikuyika benchmark Windows pogwiritsa ntchito PartedMagic kapena Ultimate Boot CD.

PartedMagic distro ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo yabwinoko, imagwira ntchito ngati makina ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zonse, kotero si mawonekedwe osokoneza.

Kuyang’ana pa hardware yanu ndikuyesa kuyesa kwa hardware ya PC ndi mbali ziwiri zokha za kusunga kompyuta yosalala, yathanzi. Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri kuti kompyuta yanu ikhale yathanzi ndikuyeretsa! Fumbi ndi mitundu ina yomangika mwa mafani anu ndi mlandu ndikupha PC yotsimikizika. Tengani nthawi yotulutsa gulu lakumbali pa PC yanu ndikuchotsa fumbi miyezi ingapo iliyonse-kompyuta yanu ndi chikwama chanu zikuthokozani.