如何使用茄科植物保护您的艺术作品免受生成式人工智能的侵害

Zofunika Kwambiri

• Nightshade ndi chida cha AI chomwe “chiphe” zojambulajambula za digito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito pophunzitsa mitundu ya AI.
• Chidachi chimasintha zojambula za digito m’njira yomwe imawoneka yosasinthika kwa anthu koma imasokoneza ma algorithms a AI.
• Nightshade imapereka njira kwa opanga digito kuti ateteze ntchito yawo kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito mu dataset ya AI popanda chilolezo.

Zida za AI ndizosintha ndipo tsopano zimatha kukambirana, kupanga zolemba ngati za anthu, ndikupanga zithunzi kutengera liwu limodzi. Komabe, zomwe zida zophunzitsira zida za AIzi zimagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimachokera kumalo otetezedwa, makamaka zikafika pamajenereta azithunzi monga DALL-E, Midjourney, ndi ena.

Kuyimitsa zida za AI zopanga kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za kukopera kuti muphunzitse ndizovuta, ndipo ojambula ochokera m’mitundu yonse ayesetsa kuteteza ntchito yawo ku dataset yophunzitsira ya AI. Koma tsopano, zonse zikusintha ndikubwera kwa Nightshade, chida chaulere cha AI chomangidwa kuti chiwononge zida zopangira za AI-ndipo pomaliza amalola ojambula kuti abweze mphamvu.

Kodi AI Poisoning ndi chiyani?

Poyizoni wa AI ndikuchita “poizoni” gulu lophunzitsira la algorithm ya AI. Izi ndizofanana ndi kupereka uthenga wolakwika kwa AI dala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti AI yophunzitsidwayo isagwire bwino ntchito kapena kulephera kuzindikira chithunzi. Zida monga Nightshade zimasintha ma pixel mu chithunzi cha digito m’njira yoti ziwonekere kuti ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi maphunziro a AI pamenepo, koma osasinthika kuyambira pachiyambi kupita m’maso amunthu.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutumiza chithunzi chapoizoni cha galimoto pa intaneti, chidzawoneka chimodzimodzi kwa ife anthu, koma AI akuyesera kudziphunzitsa kuti azindikire magalimoto poyang’ana zithunzi za magalimoto pa intaneti adzawona zosiyana kwambiri.

Zitsanzo zazikulu zokwanira za zithunzi zabodza kapena zapoizoni muzophunzitsidwa za AI zitha kuwononga luso lake lopanga zithunzi zolondola kuchokera mwachangu momwe AI amavutikira.

Pali mafunso angapo okhudza zomwe tsogolo la Generative AI lili nazo, koma kuteteza ntchito yoyambirira ya digito ndikofunikira kwambiri. Izi zitha kuwononganso kubwerezanso kwamtsogolo kwachitsanzo popeza deta yophunzitsira yomwe maziko achitsanzo adamangidwira sizolondola 100%.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, opanga digito omwe salola kuti zithunzi zawo zizigwiritsidwa ntchito muzolemba za AI zimatha kuwateteza kuti asadyetsedwe ku AI yotulutsa popanda chilolezo. Mapulatifomu ena amapatsa opanga mwayi woti asaphatikizepo zojambula zawo muzolemba zamaphunziro a AI. Komabe, mndandanda wotuluka woterewu udanyalanyazidwa ndi ophunzitsa amtundu wa AI m’mbuyomu ndipo akupitilizabe kunyalanyazidwa popanda zotsatirapo.

Poyerekeza ndi zida zina zotetezera zojambula za digito monga Glaze, Nightshade ndi yonyansa. Glaze imalepheretsa ma algorithms a AI kuti asatsanzire mawonekedwe a chithunzi china, pomwe Nightshade amasintha mawonekedwe a chithunzicho kukhala AI. Zida zonsezi zimamangidwa ndi Ben Zhao, Pulofesa wa Computer Science ku yunivesite ya Chicago.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Nightshade

Ngakhale wopanga chida amalimbikitsa Nightshade kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi Glaze, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chida chodziyimira kuti muteteze zojambula zanu. Kugwiritsa ntchito chidachi ndikosavuta, poganizira kuti pali njira zitatu zokha zotetezera zithunzi zanu ndi Nightshade.

Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira musanayambe.

• Nightshade imangopezeka pa Windows ndi MacOS yokhala ndi chithandizo chochepa cha GPU komanso osachepera 4GB VRAM ofunikira. Non-Nvidia GPUs ndi Intel Macs sizikuthandizidwa pakadali pano. Nawu mndandanda wama Nvidia GPU omwe athandizidwa malinga ndi gulu la Nightshade (GTX ndi RTX GPUs amapezeka mu gawo la “CUDA-Enabled GeForce ndi TITAN Products”). Kapenanso, mutha kuyendetsa Nightshade pa CPU yanu, koma zipangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito pang’onopang’ono.
• Ngati muli ndi GTX 1660, 1650, kapena 1550, cholakwika mulaibulale ya PyTorch chingakulepheretseni kuyambitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Nightshade moyenera. Gulu lomwe lili kumbuyo kwa Nightshade likhoza kukonza mtsogolomo pochoka ku PyTorch kupita ku Tensorflow, koma palibe ma workaround pakadali pano. Nkhaniyi imafikiranso ku mitundu ya Ti yamakhadi awa. Ndidayambitsa pulogalamuyi popereka mwayi kwa woyang’anira pa ine Windows 11 PC ndikudikirira mphindi zingapo kuti itsegule. Makilomita anu akhoza kusiyana.
• Ngati zojambulajambula zanu zili ndi mawonekedwe olimba ambiri kapena maziko, mutha kukumana ndi zinthu zakale. Izi zitha kuthetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito “poizoni” wocheperako.

Pankhani yoteteza zithunzi zanu ndi Nightshade, izi ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita. Kumbukirani kuti bukhuli limagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa Windows, koma izi zimagwiranso ntchito pa mtundu wa macOS.

1. Tsitsani mtundu wa Windows kapena macOS kuchokera patsamba lotsitsa la Nightshade.
2. Kutsitsa kwa Nightshade ngati chikwatu chosungidwa popanda kukhazikitsa kofunikira. Kutsitsa kukamaliza, chotsani chikwatu cha ZIP ndikudina kawiri Nightshade.exe kuyendetsa pulogalamu.
3. Sankhani chithunzi mukufuna kuteteza mwa kuwonekera Sankhani batani pamwamba kumanzere. Mukhozanso kusankha zithunzi zingapo nthawi imodzi kuti mtanda processing.
4. Sinthani ma Kulimba ndi Perekani Ubwino kuyimba molingana ndi zomwe mumakonda. Makhalidwe apamwamba amawonjezera chiphe champhamvu koma amathanso kuwonetsa zinthu zakale muzithunzi zomwe zatulutsidwa.
5. Kenako, dinani batani Sungani Monga batani pansi pa Zotulutsa gawo kuti musankhe kopita fayilo yotulutsa.
6. Dinani pa Thamanga Nightshade batani pansi kuti mugwiritse ntchito pulogalamuyo ndikuyipitsa zithunzi zanu.

Mwachidziwitso, mutha kusankhanso chizindikiro chapoizoni. Nightshade imangozindikira ndikuwonetsa chizindikiro cha liwu limodzi ngati simukutero, koma mutha kuyisintha ngati ili yolakwika kapena yamba. Kumbukirani kuti izi zimangopezeka mukakonza chithunzi chimodzi mu Nightshade.

Ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, muyenera kupeza chithunzi chomwe chikuwoneka chofanana ndi choyambirira ndi diso la munthu koma chosiyana kwambiri ndi algorithm ya AI-kuteteza zojambula zanu ku AI yotulutsa.