“AI PC.”
Mosakayikira mwamva mawuwa pofika pano, ndipo ngati muli oona mtima, mwina akupanga maso anu. M’chaka chomwe “AI” yakhazikitsidwa pazinthu zatekinoloje zilizonse zomwe zingaganizidwe, zomwe zimatchedwa ma AI PC mpaka pano sizimamva kuti zili zoyenera kutchulidwa.
Koma kulengeza kwa Microsoft lero akuyesa kutenga lingaliro la AI PC mozama. Microsoft imawatcha “Copilot+ PC,” mtundu watsopano wa laputopu womwe wakonzedwanso kuti uthandizire ma processor a ARM ndicholinga chogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya AI yosalekeza nthawi zonse. Mwina simungasangalale ndi AI monga momwe Microsoft ikuwonekera, koma palibe funso: ichi ndi chimodzi mwazolengeza zazikulu kwambiri za PC pazaka zambiri.
Mphamvu zazikulu za AI zatsopano
Zambiri zapangidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa ma neural processing units (NPUs) m’mibadwo yaposachedwa ya ma laputopu a Windows, koma pali vuto: pakali pano, alibe chochita kunja kwa kusokonezeka kwamakanema pama foni. Chimodzi mwazovuta ndi kusowa kwa magwiridwe antchito m’badwo wamakono, inde, koma Microsoft imati ndi chifukwa cha momwe dongosolo lonse lapangidwira. Pachimake, Copilot+ amathetsa vutoli pokonzanso Windows 11 mozungulira zomwe AI adakumana nazo – makamaka poyendetsa mitundu ingapo ya zilankhulo zing’onozing’ono zomwe zimakhala pazida kumbuyo.
“Tinayenera kuwonjezera makina athu oyendetsa galimoto kuti titha kukhala ndi NPU kuti iwonetseke ngati nzika yoyamba, purosesa yeniyeni yachitatu mkati mwa opareshoni,” atero a Pavan Davuluri, wotsogolera gulu la Windows and Devices. , ku gulu la atolankhani. “Tinayenera kugwira ntchito kuti tithe kuwonjezera ma AI API papulatifomu. Tidakhala ndi zoyambira zatsopano za OS zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mitundu yokhazikika mkati mwa chipangizocho. ”
Poyambira, Microsoft ikupereka mitundu iwiri yogwiritsira ntchito AI yomangidwa mu Windows. Chinthu choyamba ndi chotsutsana kwambiri, chomwe chimatchedwa Kumbukirani. Mwanjira ina, ndi mawonekedwe okonzedwanso – ngati mukufuna kuganiza motere. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya nthawi mungathe kuyang’ana zonse zomwe mwachita pa kompyuta yanu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo zazing’ono za PC, zingakuthandizeni kupeza zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito chinenero chachibadwa. Izi zitha kukhala zomwe mudatchula mu Discord chat kapena mzere wamawu mu PowerPoint yomwe mukugwira ntchito.
Microsoft ikuti ma PC awa ayenera kuganiziridwa molondola ngati “sensor ya AI” tsopano.
“Tangoganizani tsopano kamangidwe katsopano kameneka kamene tikukamba kakhoza kumvetsetsa mu nthawi yeniyeni zonse zomwe mukuchita pa PC, kuti zitha kupanga ndondomeko yazomwe zikuchitika,” Yusuf Mehdi, wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti ku Microsoft, anatiuza. m’chidule chomwecho. “Mwadzidzidzi tsopano, kuthekera kwanu osapeza china chake, koma kukumbukira ndizotheka, ndipo izi zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri.”
Kuti mukwaniritse izi, mwachidziwikire, mukupereka zambiri ku AI pakompyuta yanu. Malinga ndi Microsoft, Recall ndi yachinsinsi, yakomweko, komanso yotetezeka, ndipo imatsimikizira kuti chidziwitsochi sichidzagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa mitundu ya AI. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kulowa ndikusintha izi mwaulere, ndikuyika mapulogalamu ena kapena mawebusayiti momwe mukufunira.
M’malo mwake, Microsoft ikuti ma PC awa ayenera kuganiziridwa molondola ngati “sensor ya AI” tsopano. Ndiwo mtundu wa mawu omwe amasangalatsa ena ndikuwopseza ena. Komabe, pali nkhawa yodziwikiratu yachinsinsi ndi lingaliro la kujambula pa PC yanu ndikudziwa zonse zomwe mumachita pa PC yanu – komabe Microsoft ikuwoneka kuti ikukhulupirira kuti idzagunda anthu akangoyesa.
Zina zazikulu za AI zimazungulira malingaliro odziwika bwino momwe timagwiritsira ntchito AI – chilengedwe. Monga tafotokozera ndi Mehdi, tonse tikugwiritsa ntchito kale AI kupanga zolemba ndi zithunzi, zonse zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtambo. Koma pali zovuta zina ndi njira iyi, malinga ndi Microsoft.
“Nambala yoyamba, ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndikukuwuzani chifukwa timalipira ma GPU onsewa pano ku Microsoft, “Mehdi akutero, akuseka. “Chinthu chachiwiri ndi latency. Nthawi zina zimathamanga, koma nthawi zina mumadikirira, mukudikirira. Inu pitani ku seva; ma seva adzaza. Limenelo ndi vuto.”
Mitundu yachangu komanso yotsika mtengo (ya Microsoft) ndi chinthu chimodzi. Koma Microsoft imalingalira kuti mitundu iyi ya AI pazida imatsegula zatsopano pakupanga kwa AI. Makamaka, Microsoft idawoneratu pulogalamu yatsopano ya Zithunzi, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi a DALL-E omangidwa momwemo, kukulolani kuti mupange ndikusintha zithunzi zanu zonse ndi chilankhulo chachilengedwe. Monga momwe Microsoft imanenera, izi sizimaphatikizapo ma tokeni kapena malowedwe – zonse zimamalizidwa pazida.
“Ndi zabwino, koma tangoganizani tsopano muli ndi zitsanzo zakomweko, mitundu ya AI, yomwe tsopano ikukula kwambiri, ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi ma NPU othamanga kwambiri komanso ochita bwino, koma ali pazida zakomweko,” akufotokoza Mehdi. “Tsopano, chilengedwe chimenecho chimatsegulidwa. Ndipo taganizirani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito zomwe tingachite ndi PC, pomwe tili ndi cholembera ndi kukhudza, ndipo mutha kulowamo. Mwadzidzidzi, luso la kulenga likhoza kudumpha kupita kumlingo wina. ”
Izi zitha kumveka ngati zosamveka, koma tiyenera kuphunzira zomwe Microsoft yakhala ikupanga. Ndipo monga tikuyembekezeredwa, tikuwona kale kuti opanga laputopu monga Lenovo ndi HP akupanga mapulogalamu awo a AI pamwamba pa zinthu za Microsoft. Ichi ndi chiyambi chabe. Microsoft idawonetsanso gawo la Paint lotchedwa Cocreator, kumasulira kwanthawi yeniyeni, malingaliro a Copilot pamakonzedwe, kuyankha zidziwitso zauthenga ndikudina kamodzi, ndi zina zambiri.
Izi ndi zochitika zamapulogalamu zomwe sizikanatheka kwa ma laputopu omwe si a Copilot+ popanda kuwononga moyo wa batri. M’malo mwake, kupatula mtundu watsopano wazithunzi zonse wa Copilot, izi ndizinthu zomwe zimangopezeka pazida za Copilot + zokha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tchipisi ta Qualcomm’s ARM ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti kusintha konseku kugwire ntchito. Ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba, onse a Qualcomm ndi Microsoft akuwoneka kuti akugwira nawo mbali zonse za mgwirizano.
ARM imapangitsa kuti zonse zitheke
Monga ngati kusintha kwa AI sikunali kokwanira, ma laputopu a Copilot + awa anali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri kuti alithane. Mwamwayi, Microsoft yayesetsa kangapo kuti ithandizire Windows pa ARM, kaya inali kusintha koyambirira kwa Windows 8 kapena Surface Pro X. Koma tchipisi tatsopano ta Qualcomm timeneti tikupita patsogolo pakuchita bwino komwe kumafunikira kutsimikizira opanga Microsoft ndi laputopu kuti. ndizochitika zenizeni.
Koma monga Microsoft yaphunzira movutikira, kumamatira tchipisi ta ARM mu chilengedwe chomwe sichinakonzekere kumangowonjezera zinthu. Kuti izi zigwire ntchito, Microsoft idayenera kukonzanso masheya ake onse kuti akhale okhoza ku ARM.
“Tidapanga zosinthazi za Windows 11 ndikungoyang’ana kwenikweni pamalingaliro a AI ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi pa malangizo a ARM64 omwe amakhala pagawo lililonse la makina opangira,” akutero Davuluri.
Zonsezi zimawonjezera china chofanana ndi mphindi ya M1 pa nsanja ya Windows.
Uku sikusintha kwakung’ono kwa Windows – zonse zidakonzedwanso kuyambira pansi. Pali chojambulira chatsopano, kernel, ndi okonza mapulani – onse amangoyang’ana chip payekha kuti akwaniritse magwiridwe antchito a CPU. Palinso kasamalidwe kabwino ka kukumbukira kuti muthe kuwongolera zolemetsa zomwe nthawi zonse pamitundu ya AI zimawonjezera.
Kupitilira pa hardware yokha, pakhala kuyesetsa kwa Herculean kuti abweretse mapulogalamu a chipani choyamba komanso a chipani chachitatu mpaka pano. Kupatula apo, magwiridwe antchito onse padziko lapansi zilibe kanthu ngati mapulogalamuwo sanakwaniritsidwe pa hardware. Microsoft ikuti idagwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa mapulogalamu opitilira 300 (ogula ndi ogulitsa) kuti amangenso mapulogalamu awo kukhala ARM.
“Tapita patsogolo kwambiri pomanga nsanjayi, kotero kuti ndikuganiza kuti mukayang’ana zomwe tikufuna masiku ano kwa makasitomala a Copilot+ PC, tili ndi chidaliro kuti 90% ya mphindi zawo zogwiritsira ntchito idzakhala yaku ARM,” Adatero Davuluri. “Ichi chinali cholinga chathu chachikulu, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti tilipo.”
Microsoft imalozera ku mapulogalamu ambiri ofunikira omwe adapangidwa kuti aziyendetsa bwino pa ARM, kuphatikiza Zoom, Dropbox, Netflix, Lightroom, Fresca, CPU-Z, ndi Firefox – kungolemba ochepa. Pali mapulogalamu odziwika omwe akusowa, inde, kaya ndi Adobe Acrobat, Discord, kapena Slack. Kwa mapulogalamu omwe akusowa, Microsoft yapanganso emulator yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu a x86 yotchedwa Prism in Windows 11. Kampaniyo imati kuchita bwino kwa Prism ndi 20% gen-on-gen, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapulogalamuwa azigwira ntchito mofanana ndi posachedwapa. Laputopu Yapamwamba 5.
“Prism emulator yatsopanoyi, kuphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito a CPU, imatifikitsa kumalo komwe timakhala ndi zokumana nazo zabwino kwambiri zamapulogalamu, zokumana nazo zabwino m’mabuku onse a Windows, kaya ndi mbadwa kapena amatengera ife,” Davuluri anawonjezera. “Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe takondwera nacho.”
Zachidziwikire, kutsanzira sikugwira ntchito mofanana pamapulogalamu onse, ndipo zonsezi ziyenera kudziwidwa nokha, koma izi zikuwoneka kuti zikufanana ndi zomwe Apple idachita ndi Rosetta 2 pakusintha kwake kupita ku ARM.
Takulandilani ku nthawi ya Copilot+
Ngakhale kusintha kwa ARM kwakhala zaka zambiri kukuchitika, kuyang’ana pa AI sikuyenera kudabwitsa kwambiri. Chaka chatha, takhala tikuwona Microsoft ikukumbatira AI ndikusiyidwa mosasamala, pamodzi ndi osewera akulu ambiri pamasewera. Pofika chaka cha 2024, yakhala kale pakatikati pa chilichonse chomwe kampani ikuchita kupita patsogolo. Koma pulogalamu ya Copilot Plus PC imatengera zinthu zina. Microsoft ikufuna kuti ichi chikhale chiyambi cha kukonzanso zomwe PC ili, ndipo Copilot Plus ndi njira yothamangitsira zinthu.
Mapulogalamu atsopanowa ndi abwino, koma Ma PC a Copilot Plus adzafunika kukumana ndi mndandanda wazinthu za hardware, ndi NPU yamphamvu kukhala yofunika kwambiri. Ma PC onse a Copilot Plus amafunikira NPU yomwe imatha 40 TOPS, muyezo womwe umaposa zomwe zasankhidwa pano za Intel ndi AMD chips, komanso M4 yaposachedwa ya Apple. Adzafunikanso 16GB ya RAM ndi 256GB yosungirako, koma NPU ndiye chinsinsi apa.
“Takhala tikugwira ntchito ndi makampani akuluakulu, opereka silicon, [manufacturers]opanga mapulogalamu, opanga mitundu yonse, ndipo takhala paulendowu,” Mehdi anatiuza. “Tayamba ndi Qualcomm.”
Microsoft yakhala ikugwira ntchito ndi Qualcomm kwa zaka zambiri, koma Snapdragon X Elite ndiyosiyana ndi chip chilichonse chomwe kampaniyo idapanga pano. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma benchmarks osiyanasiyana a AI, Microsoft idafulumira kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma AI omwe ma NPUwa amatha kuchita – makamaka pamadzi otsika kwambiri. Ndizowonanso pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito a CPU.
Zonsezi zimawonjezera china chofanana ndi mphindi ya M1 pa nsanja ya Windows.
“Nambala yoyamba, adzakhala ma PC othamanga kwambiri, ochita bwino kwambiri pamsika ndi malire ambiri,” adatero Mehdi za Copilot + PC. “Mumatenga PC yothamanga kwambiri, yochita bwino kwambiri kunja uko, tinene kuti ndi MacBook Air yokhala ndi purosesa ya M3. Ma PC awa apambana kuposa 50% pa benchmark ya Cinebench. ”
Tidawona zina mwazomwe zikuchitika pama lab a Microsoft, kutsimikizira kuti ma benchmark awa ndi enieni. Kuyesa Laputopu Yatsopano Yoyang’ana mbali ndi MacBook Air, Surface imadutsadi MacBook Air potengera magwiridwe antchito ambiri pamabenchmarks ndi mapulogalamu angapo.
Tsopano, funde loyamba ili la zida za Copilot Plus zonse zidzamangidwa pa tchipisi tambiri ta Snapdragon X Elite. M’tsogolomu, ma laputopu okhala ndi tchipisi zina atha kukhalanso oyenerera, monga zida zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi Intel Lunar Lake. Koma Qualcomm ili ndi zodzipatula pakali pano – osachepera zikafika pa laputopu mutha kupita kukagula.
Zonsezi zimawonjezera china chofanana ndi mphindi ya M1 pa nsanja ya Windows. Sitikudziwa motsimikiza kuti kuyesa kwa Microsoft kupitilira – ndipo ndi chilengedwe chokulirapo, kuyenera kukhala kovutirapo kuposa Apple. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa AI pamlingo uwu kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe, komanso momwe anthu amamvera ngati chandamale chosuntha.
Ndikhala woyamba kuvomereza kuti zikuwoneka ngati Microsoft ikufunika chozizwitsa kuti igwirizane ndi AI ndi ARM nthawi imodzi. chilengedwe ku cholinga chimodzi. Ndipo malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake mpaka pano, Microsoft mwina idasiya zosatheka.
Chifukwa chake, inde, ndi Copilot +, mawu oti “AI PC” salinso mawu otsatsa. Ngati mawu oti “AI PC” akhala atanthauzo, ma PC a Copilot + adzalandira baji. Ngakhale zili zabwino m’buku lanu, ndikusiyirani kusankha.
